For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter d h ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [33,41]. The (a/b) value is 2.5 which confirms that dextran in aqueous solution is a biopolymer with a spherical conformation for an Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa, and with tendency to compaction with increasing temperature (RH decreases). WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). Cell permeabilization using a non-thermal plasma - IOPscience The great deviation at 2000kDa occurs due to the large hyperbranched structure of the macromolecule, generating a change in its conformation and, therefore, a change in the way it flows [73]. Thus, it is accepted that, for every flexible-chain polymer in a (ideal) solvent, there is a universal value of 0 = 2.1-2.5x1023mol-1 [52]. Molecular Weight Distributions of Water-Soluble Polymers by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. Physicochemical studies of oligodextran. Dilute solution properties and degree of chain branching The flattening of the curves at higher molecular weight is in agreement with an increased branching density. (2013). Journal of American Chemical Society, 76 (20), 5041-5052. European Polymer Journal, 42, 1086-1092. (2007). To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. Palmuti Braga Vettoria, Mary Helen; Martins Franchetti, Sandra Mara; Contiero, Jonas (2012). Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2007). The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.5 in poor solvents. Dilute solution properties and degree of chain branching for dextran. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). In vivo iontophoretic delivery of salmon calcitonin across microporated skin. However, the currently available transdermal systems are limited by low drug permeability across the skin due to the lipophilic barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost skin layer of the skin [3,4,5]; the methods favor low molecular mass, and lipophilic molecules, making it difficult to exploit the transdermal route for large and water-soluble molecules such as proteins and peptides. Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. Table 3 shows the intrinsic viscosity for the rest of the dextrans obtained by using the single-point method, measured at different temperatures. of different origins. The a value is higher than calculated in this work, because these calculations were performed with number average molecular weight (Mn) which rearranges the value of a and forces him to enter into unbranched or linear molecules (a > 0.5), on the other hand, if molecular weights (Mw) ware used to value would be less than 0.5. 4D imaging reveals mechanisms of clay-carbon protection and Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea, LG electronics, 19 Yangjae-daero 11-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06772, Republic of Korea, You can also search for this author in They concluded that a power law behavior seems to be approached only in the small molecular weight region. Treatment of acne scars by fractional bipolar radiofrequency energy. A solvent at this temperature is called a theta solvent [53]. Biological skin substitutes for wound cover and closure. The explanation for the anomalous values of a and kM-H is because the mixture solute-solvent is highly compatible due a great compaction of biopolymer, from undisturbed state in the absence of interactions, where free energy of mixing less than zero, and emphasize the nature non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran for Mw high to 200kDa. Journal of Controlled Release, 119, 5-24. Critical parameters for gel permeation Boudry I, Blanck O, Cruz C, Blanck M, Vallet V, Bazire A, Capt A, Josse D, Lallement G. Percutaneous penetration and absorption of parathion using human and pig skin models in vitro and human skin grafted onto nude mouse skin model in vivo. 2017 Dec 12;27(1):73-78. doi: 10.1007/s10068-017-0274-0. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. Quintanilla-Pineda M, Achou CG, Daz J, Gutirrez-Falcon A, Bravo M, Herrera-Muoz JI, Pea-Navarro N, Alvarado C, Ibaez FC, Marzo F. Foods. hydrodynamic The receptor chamber was filled with PBS. 4K, 10K, and 20K) permeated through the human, and pig skin after microporation. Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). (2008). Singh TRR, Garland MJ, Cassidy CM, Migalska K, Demir YK, Ryan SAE, Woolfson D, Donnelly RF. A few percent of R (13) glucosidic linkages provides side chains which appear to be short. Dextran. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. Journal of Polymer Science, 17, 527-546. Carbohydr Polym. Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. Pharm Res. What is hydrodynamic radius The increased TEWL values which were proportional to the number of microspores indicate SC disruption and formation of microchannels in the skin. The numerical value of a indicates that dextrans acquire the shape of a rigid sphere in aqueous solution; and kM-H demonstrates that under water the value decreases with temperature [71, 72]. These modifications include degradation of hemidesmosomes attached to the dermis, degradation of desmosomes linked to adjacent cells, contraction of intracellular tonofilament, and lamellipodia formation. Determination of polymer structure by Gel Permeation Chromatography. Intrinsic viscosity-molecular weight relationship for chitosan. Webof overall macromolecular geometry and hydrodynamic draining. (2001). Appl Biochem Biotechnol. (1969). Curvale, R.; Masuelli, M.; Perez Padilla, A. ; Garca de , J. Pavlov, G.M. Human skins (Full-thickness human skin) were supplied by HansBiomed. Int J Pharm Investig. 2018;1:10915. This device can generate microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis and allow transdermal delivery of active agents. The parameters of Mark-Houwink for polymers can vary with the polymer solution and temperature. Format), Citation-(BibTeX TEWL values before and immediately after microporation on human cadaver skin according to the number of times microproration was done (n=3). Huang S, Huang G. Preparation and drug delivery of dextran-drug complex. The Intrinsic Viscosity of Biological Macromolecules. (2003). The formula is verified for different systems of polymer-solvent and the values are in accord with those obtained by extrapolation. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 60, 1650-1662. 2012;87(6):1728. Hydrodynamic radii ( RH) were determined by dynamic light scattering. We will also conduct further studies on the regeneration of human cadaver skin and evaluate the possibilities of clinical trials. Cytotoxicity studies on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line showed non-toxic and biocompatible nature of dextran. Conversely, fluorescein sodium was the compound selected to model hydrophilic, low MW drugs. 2015;23(3):2239. Bahary, W. S.; Hogan, M. P.; Jilani, M.; Aronson, M. P. (1995). dextran 2019;26(1):25261. Use of the single point method is correct because it is based in the Huggins method (HM); owing the HM requiring many viscosity and density measurements (at least four) for each Mw, but Solomon Ciuta method with a single measure is sufficient. Food Funct. Red blood cell rouleaux formation in dextran solution: dependence on polymer conformation. Carbohydrate Polymers, 36, 319-326. "Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. The skin was treated with the RF-based microporation device, inducing micropore ablation through alternating electrical current. Our portfolio includes for example derivatives of dextran, polysucrose, inulin and more. At the same temperature, the hydrodynamic radius and the intrinsic viscosity are higher for different molecular weights, while these properties decrease with an increase of temperature at the same molecular weight (Figure 1). Formul. Regulating dynamic signaling between hematopoietic stem cells a-d Haematoxylin/eosin-stained histological sections of human cadaver skin sample and e quantified data using ImageJ for different time periods after microporation. In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. The intrinsic viscosity classical theory of random coils at conditions []0 predicts the quotient a0 = d ln[]0/d ln M to decrease from unity to 0.5 as the chain length increases. 2003;10:33847. Soc., 21, 1, 78-86. The [] is connected to the dimensions of the biopolymer molecule isolated in a certain solvent. WebThe micelles produced at pH 4.6 have a spherical shape and their size is dependent on the Maillard reaction: reaction time, molar ratio of casein to dextran, and molecular weight of dextran used. Dependence on Concentration. Superior prebiotic and physicochemical properties of novel dextran from Weissella cibaria JAG8 for potential food applications. (2008). WebHydrodynamic radius = variable size of an analyte with specific MW based on dynamical properties. Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte; France; Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. FOIA Solution properties of branched dextran. European Polymer Journal, 36, 2143-2146. This low polydispersity realizes that the Mark-Houwink equation is forced at a given Mw regardless of the hyperbranched nature of the dextran molecule. Alternatives to animal testing: a review. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. Drug Discov Today Technol. Radius (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. 2012;3(1):208. AATEX. The human and pig skin permeability of FITC-dextran (M.W. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. Carbohydrate Polymers 95 360-365. 8580 Macromolecules 34, Notes - NIST Dextrans and their derivatives find an interest in clinical applications, as well as excipients in tablets in the pharmaceutical industry [5]. Guner, Ali (1999). Bahary, W.S. Biomacromolecules 8, 2464-2475. A novel high dextran yielding Weissella cibaria JAG8 for cereal food application. Enhanced topical delivery of small hydrophilic or lipophilic active agents and epidermal growth factor by fractional radiofrequency microporation. 2010;4(1):117. Biotechnology Progress, 19, 544-548. However, in vitro investigations are very few. Dextran Utilization During Its Synthesis by Weissella cibaria RBA12 Can Be Overcome by Fed-Batch Fermentation in a Bioreactor. Advances in Physical Chemistry, Vol. Journal of Chemical Education, 49(8), 577-579. ; Hogan, M.P. (1987). 2015 Mar 17;6:155. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00155. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. The dextran has the advantage in terms of low cytotoxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and water-solubility. Stenekes, R.J.H. Bookshelf Dextran produced from Weissella cibaria JAG8 was purified and characterized. Accessibility For a rigid or rod like polymer molecule that is greatly extended in solution, the Mark-Houwink a constant approaches to a value of 2.0 [48].The hydrodynamic radius (RH), for a sphere ((a/b) = 2.5) is given by the Einstein relation [49]. WebTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Gel permeation chromatography of dextrans in parenteral solutions: Calibration procedure development and method validation. 2011;5(2):95132. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). Chromatographic characterization of polymers: Hyphenated and multidimensional techniques. J. Phys. Formation of dextran hydrogels by crystallization. 2009;8(2):1739. Polymers | Free Full-Text | Confinement-Induced Fractionation and WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Dextran The Solomon-Ciuta single-point method is used for calculating dextran intrinsic viscosity and the error relative is calculated, and %RE respect to Huggins method is >4.18% for 2000kDa, and >2.06% for 8.8kDa (Table 2). Huggins, Maurice L. (1942). On the molecular weight distribution of dextran T-500. Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. However, considering the trauma and unethical practices associated with animal experiments, in vitro studies with human cadaver skin offers an ethical and viable alternative. The receptor phase was collected immediately (time 0) and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24h. This receptor phase solution was transferred to a 96-well plate and the skin-permeated FITC-dextran was measured using a microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Co. Ltd., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at 405nm. The dextran was chosen as another branched polysaccharide which, like the others was suspected to show hyperbranched behavior. All branched polysaccharide types could be described approximately by the hyperbranching theory. These studies were carried out at the Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. Food Sci Biotechnol. Hindered diffusion of dextran and ficoll in microporous membranes. The value of P increases from 1.0272 to 1.2694 (spherical shape with tendency to spheroid for high Mw). The polymer molecule assumes a tighter configuration, and the solution has a lower intrinsic viscosity. dextran hydrodynamic ; Bataille, B. For data requests, please contact the authors. Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. Garcia de la Torre, J.; Carrasco, B. A sugar cane native dextran as an innovative functional excipient for the development of pharmaceutical tablets. Home > 2022 > Junho > 22 > Uncategorized > dextran hydrodynamic radius. Hennink, W.E. Quantitative data are presented as the meanstandard deviation, and comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). RBECs were passaged onto cell culture inserts as described and cultured for a further 714 days in vitro. Monosaccharide analysis revealed that the polysaccharide comprised only glucose units. Epub 2022 Feb 2. The 70-kDa FITC dextran reached the jejunum after 15 min and passed the entire small intestine within 1 h after its administration, demonstrating that 4-kDa FITC dextran measured in plasma 1 h after its oral application is a marker of small intestinal permeability. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 38, 2591-2598. The Mark-Houwink exponent bears the signature of a three-dimensional configuration of a polymer chain in the solvent environment. Proc of SPIE. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The relative browning for dextran from W. cibaria JAG8 was similar to commercial prebiotic Nutraflora P-95 and 3-fold lower than Raftilose P-95. pp13-21. where tr is the column retention time in minutes (2 of 0.9792). Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 72, 871-876. When applied to adherent cell cultures, the APGD-t is capable of inducing temporary cell permeabilization. 10% neutral buffered formalin was purchased from Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). Learn More. Biodegradable dextran hydrogels crosslinked by stereocomplex formation for the controlled release of pharmaceutical proteins. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. ; Tsuchiya, H.M.; Rist, C.E. Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. WebTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Microporation was performed 2 times on each sample. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. Hydrodynamic radii were measured using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at high scattering angle (173) to minimise the effects of dust and supramolecular contamination (NIBS, 173). Thus, it is a common practice to express the frictional coefficient of rigid structures as. HSE and DK helped to porate the skin and to measure TEWL. The .gov means its official. WebThe hydrodynamic radius ( Rh) determined by our Fluidity instruments is the Stokes radius, or the size of a hard spherical particle that diffuses at the same rate as the protein (s) detected. In the case of a poor solvent, a temperature increase causes an increase in entropy and intrinsic viscosity and is favorable for the extended conformation. 1984;17(6):11703. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. These vibrations heat the skin tissue, triggering water vapor and cell ablation, forming microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis. Analytes and stationary phase with Universal Calibration Relative Measurement Concentration and MW detector: RI + Viscometer Relationship between hydrodynamic volume (MW*intrinsic viscosity) and elution volume Multiple detection Sintov AC, Krymberk I, Daniel D, Hannan T, Sohn Z, Levin G. Radiofrequency-driven skin microchanneling as a new way for electrically assisted transdermal delivery of hydrophilic drugs. Kirkland, J. J.; Dilks, C. H.; Rementer, S. W. (1992). WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter ( dh ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Effect of temperature on the intrinsic viscosity and conformation of chitosan in dilute HCl solution. Google Scholar. Fractional thermolysis by bipolar radiofrequency facilitates cutaneous delivery of peptide and siRNA with minor loss of barrier function. Search 2011;16(2):518. Immediately after 2, 5, and 10 times microporations, 97.1432.39, 80.5715.51, and 82.3916.49m sizes of micropores were formed on the skin, respectively. Banga AK. Nordmeier, Eckliard (1993). volume24, Articlenumber:22 (2020) Chem. In contrast to linear chains, power law behavior is observed only asymptotically at large Mv. Dulbeccos Phosphate-Buffered Saline (DPBS) was purchased from Welgene (Gyeongsan, Korea). Eremeeva, T. E.; Bykova, T. O. dextran hydrodynamic radius ; Wood, P.J. Chem. 2015;32(5):170413. Chem. Keywords: After microporation, the TEWL values of the human cadaver skin increased from 11.30.6 to 33.01.0, 10.71.5 to 45.31.5, and 10.70.6 to 61.02.0g/m2/h when the microporation was performed 2, 5, and 10 times, respectively. 2012;101(8):28619. In general, Mv is not experimentally accessible, whereas other average molecular weights are accessible. Privacy Studies carried out at different ionic strength you can see them in the references [64, 65] and works with different solvents in the references [66, 67]. The calculated dextran molecular weights are corroborated by those tabulated data by the manufacturer with a relative error lower than 10%, being the exception dextrans 580 and 2000kDa with the highest relative error. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 277, 99-104. Careers. WebIn this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. The dextran used is from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F which is essentially a linear -(1-6)-linked glucose chain with however a low percentage (2-5%) of -(1-3) branches distributed along the chain4. dextran hydrodynamic radius WebDextran 670 GPC Standard Normative Mw - 670000 Da GPC standards can be used for calibration and molecular weight determination. Hi Khanh, Alan is taking a little time off of Research Gate at the moment, but here is some information in reply to your question. The analysis of errors using the Solomon-Ciuta method is compared with HM [59]. ; Weisz, J. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. These studies were again focused on investigating the hydrodynamic properties of the polymer molecules, their hydrodynamic radius in relation to their radius of gyration and the coherence of the simulation results with polymer theory. Dextran, Tetramethylrhodamine, 2,000,000 MW, Lysine The study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. dextran Conducting a comparative analysis of the data shown in Table 1 can observer that parameter data Mark-Houwink a, obtained by these authors are very similar to that obtained in this work, which affirms its validity. The radius of gyration is typically calculated from static scattering measurements, while the hydro-dynamic radius (or equivalent sphere radius) is deter-mined by dynamic light scattering or other diffusion measurements. Corp. (Seoul, Korea). Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. European Polymer Journal, 43, 1744-1753. The temperature increment can induce a macromolecule compaction (decreases in RH and []), generating by this way, a greater difficult to flowing due at requires an increase of energy consumption (Eavf<). There is a formula that used to calculate the radius (in Angstrom) from the molar mass (in g/mol) of dextran, a=0.33*(MM^0.46) where, a and MM are Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. Hydrodynamic Radius Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. 24h after microporation, the pore sizes reduced from 64.8817.20m (0h) to 48.854.27m (24h), and the pore depths reduced from 83.9120.56m (0h) to 63.9527.61m (24h). American Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013, 1(3), 60-66. (1954). Intrinsic viscosity determination offers a simple and useful method that requires low cost equipment and yields useful information on soluble macromolecules. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C.
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